The 2019 Population and Housing Census is conducted at 0:00 on April 1, 2019 according to the Prime Minister's Decision No. 772 / QD-TTg of June 26, 2018. This is the fifth Population and Housing Census in Vietnam since the country's reunification in 1975. The 2019 Population and Housing Census collects basic information on population and housing throughout the territory of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam for the purpose of planning the country's socio-economic development policies and monitoring the Sustainable Development Goals. The 2019 Population and Housing Census collects basic information on population and demographics of over 96.2 million people who are permanent residents in nearly 26.9 million households living in the Vietnamese territory at 0 o'clock on April 1, 2019.In addition to providing information on assessing the demographic changes such as the situation of birth, death, migration of people, information on labor and employment, living conditions of households and some other information, The sample survey in the 2019 Population and Housing Census was conducted with a sample size of 9% of households across the country (about 8.2 million people living in more than 2.3 million households). The 2019 Population and Housing Census applies information technology in all stages of the Census to improve information quality, make statistical information production transparent, and shorten processing time for early release of Census results and cost savings compared to traditional censuses and surveys. Some key indicators on the results of the 2019 Population and Housing Census: (1) The total population of Vietnam is 96,208,984, of which the male population is 47,881,061, accounting for 49.8% and the female population is 48,327,923, accounting for 50.2%. Vietnam is the third most populous country in Southeast Asia (after Indonesia and the Philippines) and the 15th in the world. After 10 years, the size of Vietnam's population increased by 10.4 million. The average annual population growth rate in the period of 2009 - 2019 is 1.14% / year, a slight decrease compared to the period of 1999-2009 (1.18% / year). (2) The total number of households nationwide is 26,870,079 households, an increase of 4.4 million households over the same period in 2009. On average, each household has 3.6 persons / household, lower than 0.2 person / household compared to 2009. In the period of 2009 - 2019, the average growth rate of households was 1.8% / year, 1.2 percentage points lower than the period of 1999-2009 and the period The segment with the lowest increase in the number of households in the last 40 years. (3) Vietnam's population density is 290 people / km2, an increase of 31 people / km2 compared to 2009. Vietnam is the third most densely populated country in Southeast Asia, after Philippines -pin (363 people / km2) and Singapore (8,292 people / km2). The Red River Delta and South East regions are the two regions with the highest population density in the whole country, respectively 1,060 people / km2 and 757 people / km2. The Northern Midlands and Mountains and Central Highlands are the two regions with the lowest population densities, respectively 132 people / km2 and 107 people / km2. (4) The sex ratio of the population is 99.1 males / 100 females. In particular, the sex ratio in urban areas is 96.5 males / 100 females, in rural areas is 100.4 males / 100 females. The sex ratio varies by age group, the higher the age the lower the sex ratio, the highest in the 0-4 age group (110.3 males / 100 females) and the lowest in the 80+ age group (48.6 males / 100 females). The sex ratio is almost equal in the 45-49 age group (100.2 males / 100 females) and begins to decline below 100 in the 50-54 age group (95.9 males / 100 females). (5) The Red River Delta is home to the nation's largest population, with 22.5 million, accounting for 23.4% of the country's total population. The Central Highlands is the region with the least population with 5.8 million people, accounting for 6.1% of the country's population. In the period of 2009-2019, the Southeast has the highest average population growth rate, 2.37% per year; The Mekong River Delta has the lowest average population growth rate, 0.05% / year. (6) The population of the Kinh ethnic group is 82,085,826 people, accounting for 85.3%. Among 53 ethnic minorities, 6 ethnic groups with a population of over 1 million are: Tay, Thai, Muong, Mong, Khmer, Nung (of which the Tay has the largest population with 1.85 million); 11 ethnic groups have a population of less than 5 thousand people, of which O Du has the lowest population (428 people). The main living areas of ethnic minorities are the Northern Midlands and Mountains and Central Highlands. (7) By the time of the 2019 Census, there are 16 religions allowed to operate in the territory of Vietnam. A total of 13.2 million people are religious, accounting for 13.7% of the country's population. In particular, the number of "Catholics" is the largest with 5.9 million, accounting for 44.6% of the total number of religious followers and accounting for 6.1% of the total population of the country. Next is the number of "Buddhists" with 4.6 million, accounting for 35.0% of the total number of religious followers and accounting for 4.8% of the national population. The remaining religions make up a small proportion.
(8) Most children under 5 years of age are registered, reaching 98.8%. This result has surpassed the target of birth registration of the National Program of Action on civil status registration and statistics for the period 2017-2024 (the target is that by 2020, 97% of children under 5 years of age will be registered. born). (9) The proportion of the population aged 15 and older ever married is 77.5%. Married is a common marital status with 69.2% of the population aged 15 and over having a spouse. The average age at first marriage was 25.2 years, up 0.7 years compared to 2009, in which men got married 4.1 years later than women (27.2 years and 23.1 years, respectively). (10) The country has 9.1% of women aged 20-24 married for the first time before 18 years. The Northern Midlands and Mountains and Central Highlands are the two regions with the highest proportion of women aged 20-24 getting married before the age of 18, at 21.5% and 18.1% respectively. (11) The proportion of people aged 5 years and older with disabilities in Vietnam is 3.7%. The North and South Central Coast is the region with the highest percentage of people with disabilities nationwide (4.5%); The Central Highlands and South East regions have the lowest rates of disability (both equal to 2.9%). (12) The total fertility rate (TFR) is 2.09 children per woman, below replacement fertility. This shows that Vietnam has maintained a stable fertility rate for more than a decade, the trend of having two children in Vietnam is common. TFR in urban areas is 1.83 children / woman; Rural area is 2.26 children / woman. Women with tertiary education have the lowest fertility (1.85 children / woman), much lower than women who have never attended school (2.59 children / woman). Ho Chi Minh City is the locality with the lowest fertility in the country (1.39 children / woman), Ha Tinh is the province with the highest fertility (2.83 children / woman). (13) The situation of giving birth in adolescence still exists in Vietnam. Nationally, juvenile women (aged 10-17) who gave birth in the 12 months prior to the survey accounted for 3.3 ‰; highest in the Northern Midlands and Mountains (9.7 ‰) and Central Highlands (6.8 ‰). The Red River Delta has the lowest proportion of women giving birth in adolescence (1.1 ‰). (14) Vietnam's sex ratio at birth (SRB) tends to increase compared to the natural biological level from 2006 to the present. The SRB in 2019 decreased compared to 2018 but remained high (in 2018: 114.8 boys / 100 girls; in 2019: 111.5 boys / 100 girls). This ratio is highest in the Red River Delta (115.5 boys / 100 girls) and lowest in the Mekong Delta (106.9 boys / 100 girls). (15) Vietnam has made great progress in maternal and child health efforts. The death rate of children under 1 year old and the death rate of children under 5 years old both decreased sharply in the last two decades. The infant mortality rate (IMR)is 14 deaths per 1000 live births, a reduction of more than half compared to 20 years ago. In urban areas, the mortality rate of children under 1 year old is lower than that in rural areas (8.2 and 16.7 deaths per 1,000 live births, respectively). This rate for male children is 3.8 percentage points higher than for female children (the male IMR is 15.8, the female IMR is 12.0 deaths / 1000 live births).The mortality rate of children under 5 years old (U5MR) of Vietnam in 2019 was 21.0 children under 5 years of age died / 1000 live births, a decrease of more than half compared to 1999 (56.9 children under 5 age of death / 1000 live births). However, there is still a big gap between urban and rural areas: U5MR of rural areas is more than twice that of urban areas (25.1 and 12.3 children under 5 respectively, respectively). / 1000 live births).The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is 46 cases per 100,000 live births, a decrease of 23 cases compared to 2009. This result shows that Vietnam will achieve its goal of reducing the maternal mortality rate earlier. with the plan set out in the National Action Plan for implementation of the 2030 Agenda (45 ca / 100,000 live births to 2030). (16) The average life expectancy of Vietnamese people is 73.6 years; in which, the life expectancy of men is 71.0 years, of women is 76.3 years. Since 1989, the average life expectancy in Vietnam has continued to increase, from 65.2 years in 1989 to 73.6 years in 2019. The difference in average life expectancy between men and women through the two recent Censuses almost unchanged, maintained at around 5.4 years. (17) The majority of deaths occurring in the 12 months prior to the Census were due to illness (90.9%). In addition to disease, traffic accidents are the leading cause of death. The rate of people dying from traffic accidents is nearly four times higher than the rate of deaths from occupational accidents (4.3% and 1.1%, respectively). The death rate from traffic accidents in men is three times higher than for women (5.9% compared to 1.8%).
(18) Although the population is constantly increasing, migration is showing signs of declining in both quantity and proportion. Migrants tend to choose migration destinations within their familiar range. Among 88.4 million people aged 5 and over, the number of migrants was 6.4 million, accounting for 7.3%. Among them, inter-provincial migration accounts for the largest proportion, 3.2%, higher than intra-district migration (2.7%) and inter-district migration (1.4%).The Southeast is the most attractive destination for migrants, followed by the Red River Delta. As many as 1.3 million immigrants come to the Southeast, accounting for more than two-thirds of all inter-regional migrants across the country. The majority of immigrants to the Southeast are from the Mekong River Delta (710.0 thousand, accounting for 53.2%); The majority of immigrants to the Red River Delta are those from the Northern Midlands and Mountains (209.3 thousand, accounting for 61.2%). (19) Nationwide, 12 provinces and cities directly under the Central Government have positive net migration rates, meaning that migrants outnumber migrants. In particular, Binh Duong province has the highest positive net-migration rate (200.4 ‰) with more than 489 thousand immigrants but only about 38 thousand people emigrated from this province in the previous 5 years. Thus, 1 out of 5 people from 5 years old in Binh Duong province comes from another province. Followed by Bac Ninh, Ho Chi Minh City and Da Nang with net migration rates of 85.3 ‰, 75.9 ‰ and 68.4 ‰, respectively.Looking for a job / starting a new job or following a family / moving are the main reasons for migration. 43.0% of migrants live in rented houses, nearly eight times that of non-migrants. Provinces with many industrial parks that attract the majority of unskilled labor are places with the highest percentage of migrants who have to rent / borrow houses, such as Bac Ninh, Binh Duong, Dong Nai, Can Tho. Among them, Binh Duong province has the highest percentage of migrants having to rent / borrow houses (74.5%). Besides, some other localities also have relatively high rates (from 40-50%) including: Thai Nguyen, Hung Yen, Tay Ninh, Ba Ria - Vung Tau, Ho Chi Minh City and Long An. (20) The urban population is 33,122,548 people, accounting for 34.4% of the total national population. The average annual population growth rate in urban areas in the period of 2009-2019 is 2.64% / year, more than double the national average annual population growth rate and six times higher than the average population growth rate. Average number of rural areas in the same period. The average urban population growth rate in the period of 2009 - 2019 is lower than the urban population growth rate in the period of 1999-2009 (3.4% / year). Migration contributes to 1.2 million people in urban areas, accounting for 3.5% of urban population; the "transformation" from communes to wards / towns of many localities throughout the country contributed to transforming 4.1 million rural residents into urban residents, equivalent to 12.3% of the urban population of The whole country in 2019.As such, Vietnam does not achieve both urbanization goals by 2015 and 2020 under the Prime Minister's National Urban Development Program [7] in terms of the proportion of regional population. city. (21) Over the past 10 years, general education has improved significantly in increasing the rate of going to school and attending the right age. In particular, high school has the most obvious improvement. The general attendance rate of primary school is 101.0%, secondary school (lower secondary) is 92.8% and high school (72.3%). The attendance rates at these levels are 98.0%, 89.2% and 68.3% respectively.Vietnam currently has 8.3% of children of primary school age but does not go to school, a decrease of 12.6 percentage points compared to 1999 and a decrease of 8.1 percentage points compared to 2009 (1999: 20 , 9%; 2009: 16.4%). The percentage of out-of-school children in rural areas is nearly twice as high as in urban areas (9.5% compared to 5.7%). The higher the level of education, the greater the percentage: In primary school, about 1 in 100 children of primary school age are not in school; the corresponding figure at junior high school level is nearly 7 children, at high school level is 26 children. (22) More than one-third of the population aged 15 and over have attained educational attainment of upper secondary school or higher (36.5%), nearly two times higher than in 2009 (20.8%). The proportion of the population aged 15 and older with this level of urban areas is twice higher than that of rural areas (54.0% and 27.0%, respectively). (23) Nationwide, 80.8% of the population aged 15 and over do not have any professional or technical qualifications [8] (technical expertise). The proportion of the population with technical expertise has increased by 5.9 percentage points compared to 2009. (24) Nearly 88% of the population aged 25-59 is in the labor force; in which the proportion of the population participating in the labor force is highest in the age group 25-29 (14.3%) and slightly decreases in the 30-34 group (14.2%). The population in the young age group (age group 15-19 and age group 20-24) and the old age group (aged 60 and older) both account for a low proportion of labor force participation (less than 10%).
(25) The labor force graduated from high school or higher accounted for 39.1%, up 13.5 percentage points compared to 2009; Trained with diplomas and certificates (from elementary level upwards) accounted for 23.1% (in urban areas 2.5 times higher than in rural areas, respectively 39.3% and 15.6% ).The percentage of trained and qualified labor force is highest in the Red River Delta (31.8%) and the Southeast (27.5%); lowest in the Mekong River Delta (13.6%). (26) The unemployment rate of the population aged 15 and above is low, 2.05%. The unemployment rate in rural areas is nearly two times lower than in urban areas (1.64% and 2.93%, respectively). Most unemployed people are aged 15-54 (accounting for 91.7% of unemployed). Young laborers aged 15-24 years are the most unemployed, accounting for nearly half of the total unemployed population nationwide (44.4%). (27) In the period of 2009 - 2019, the proportion of employment by industry has shifted positively towards reducing the proportion of labor in the Agriculture, forestry and fishery sector and increasing the proportion of employment in the Industrial sector. , Construction and Services. The proportion of employed labor in the agriculture, forestry and fishery sector has been continuously decreasing over the years, from 53.9% in 2009 to 46.3% in 2014 and reaching 35.3% in 2019. For the first time, the number of employees working in the Service sector is higher than the number of employees working in the Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery sector in 2019. With this shift, the proportion of employees working in the field Industry and Services will soon reach the threshold of 70% as set out in the Politburo's Resolution No. 23 / NQ-TW of March 22, 2018, on the orientation to formulate national industrial development policies by the year 2030, vision to 2045. (28) The unskilled labor group attracts the most labor force in the economy at 33.2%. Compared to 10 years ago, the proportion of unskilled workers has decreased significantly (down 7.1 percentage points). The groups of "personal services, security and sales", "craftsmen and other workers involved" and "assemblers and operators of machinery and equipment" are also the groups that attract many forces. labor, respectively, 18.3%, 14.5% and 13.2% of the total employed population. (29) At 0 o'clock on April 1, 2019, the majority of households have houses and are living in permanent or semi-permanent houses. Only 1,244 households have no houses to live (accounting for 0.47 tenth thousand of the total households), equivalent to 4,108 people. The majority of households without houses are those living in boats, boats, etc., which are not eligible for the structure of houses / apartments (three parts: walls, roofs, floors). In addition, 310 homeless people in 10 provinces and cities directly under the Central Government were collected in this Census, who are homeless. Thus, there are a total of 4,418 people currently without houses nationwide. After 10 years, the number of households without a dwelling has decreased by 10 times, from 4.7 per ten thousand in 2009 to 0.47 per ten thousand in 2019. The proportion of households living in uncomplicated or single houses primary accounting for a small portion (6.9%), down 8.2 percentage points compared to 2009. The percentage in rural areas is nearly 8 percentage points higher than in urban areas (respectively 9 , 7% and 1.8%). (30) Per capita housing area is 23.2m2 / person, an increase of 6.5m2 / person compared to 2009. About more than one third of households (accounting for 34.4%) live in houses / apartments Households with an area per capita of 30m2 / person or more. There are still nearly 7% of households (corresponding to about 7.7 million people) living in cramped houses under 8m2 / person. In particular, the highest proportion of households living in houses / apartments with an area per capita under 8m2 in the Southeast (16.3%), the lowest in the North Central Coast and Central Coast ( 3.8%). (31) There are currently 11.7% of households living in rented / borrowed houses / apartments, an increase of 4.6 percentage points compared to 2009 (7.1% in 2009). Especially, in densely populated areas with many industrial parks, the percentage of households living in rented / borrowed houses / apartments is higher than in other localities such as Binh Duong (56.5%), Ho Chi Minh City (32.8%), Bac Ninh (27.0%), Hanoi (15.8%). The percentage of households living in rented / borrowed houses in urban areas is nearly 3.5 times higher than in rural areas.
(32) The majority of households are living in houses / apartments built and started to use from 2000 to the present (76.8%, equivalent to 20.6 million households). Of which, 37.1% of households lived in newly built houses / apartments in the 10 years prior to the Census (approximately 10 million households), 1.2 million lower than in 2009. However, there are still nearly 195,000 households in the country (equivalent to 0.7% of households having houses) living in simple houses built and put to use for the first time within 21 to 44 years and over 19 thousand households (equivalent to 0.07% of households with houses) are living in simple houses built and put into use for the first time from 45 years or more. This shows that, although the housing situation of households has improved in recent years, there are still households who have to live in poor quality houses with a long life span compared to the safety level. regulations. (33) Housing and living conditions of households have also improved significantly, with 99.4% of households using electricity for lighting, an increase of 3.3 percentage points compared to 2009.The proportion of households using hygienic water is 97.4%, of which 52.2% uses tap water. The rate in urban areas is 99.6%, in rural areas is 96.3%.The percentage of households using hygienic toilets (flush and semi-flush toilets) was 88.9%, an increase of nearly 35 percentage points compared to 2009.Living amenities of households have been improved with 91.9% of households using a television; 91.7% of households use telephone (landline, mobile) or tablet; 30.7% of households use computers (including desktops, laptops).In addition to the audio-visual appliances mentioned above, other basic household appliances are also used by the majority of households and increase significantly compared to 2009. The highest increase is the percentage of households using use refrigerators, up 48.9% (2009: 31.6%, 2019: 80.5%); followed by the percentage of households using washing machines, up 37.3% (in 2009: 14.9%, in 2019: 52.2%) and the percentage of households using air conditioners increased by 25.5% (year 2009: 5.9%, 2019: 31.4%).The majority of households use motorized personal vehicles (motorbikes, motorcycles, electric bicycles, electric scooters and cars) for their daily use (88%). The proportion of households using this vehicle in urban areas is higher than in rural areas (91.8% and 85.9%, respectively). The provinces and cities with the highest rates are Ho Chi Minh City, Binh Duong, Da Nang and Tay Ninh (over 94% in each province).In summary, in the past 10 years, despite many difficulties and challenges, under the leadership of the Party, the management of the State, the striving efforts of both the political system and the entire people, the entire army and the land. Vietnam has achieved important results in the fields of health, education, employment and living conditions of the people. The population size of our country has increased at a slower rate compared to the period of 10 years ago. Educational level has been improved, the opportunity to go to school at the prescribed age of children is increasingly guaranteed, the proportion of children out of school sharply decreases; The percentage of the population with professional and technical qualifications increased sharply. The health of the people, especially the health of mothers and children, has been strengthened. The percentage of people with disabilities is reduced; life expectancy of people increased; Child mortality and maternal mortality rates have sharply decreased. The issue of job creation and competitiveness improvement for workers is focused. The economic restructuring is taking place strongly in Vietnam towards increasing the proportion of labor in the industry, construction and services and reducing the proportion of labor in the agriculture, forestry and fishery sector. Housing and living conditions of households have been significantly improved, especially in urban areas. Most households have houses and mainly live in solid and semi-permanent houses; the proportion of households without a home has sharply decreased; the proportion of households using clean electricity and clean water sources has increased sharply; The proportion of households with modern living equipment also increased. These achievements motivate us to realize our aspiration for a prosperous, prosperous and happy Vietnam.
(Sourced from gso.gov.vn and translated by TranHoaiDuc.com)
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